OTTAWA — The Parti Québécois is calling on the federal government to “remove” financier Mark Wiseman’s name from their list of potential Canadian ambassadors to the United States, arguing that he is “not a friend” to Quebec.

Prime Minister Mark Carney has said that he would be announcing his new pick to replace longtime ambassador Kirsten Hillman within days. For now, the person rumoured to take her place is Wiseman, a close friend of Carney’s and longtime business executive.

On Thursday, PQ member of the National Assembly Pascal Paradis said his nomination would be “unacceptable” for Quebec.

“The Parti Québécois will never accept the nomination of Mark Wiseman as Canada’s ambassador to the U.S. Why? Because Mark Wiseman is not a friend of the Quebec nation,” Paradis said in a press conference in Quebec City.

Wiseman is known as the co-founder of the Century Initiative, a controversial lobbying group which advocates for increasing Canada’s population to 100 million by 2100.

In 2023, he retweeted a Globe and Mail column calling for that dramatic increase in immigration levels to become federal policy “even if it makes Quebec howl.”

Even though those words were not his own but rather those of the title written by columnist Andrew Coyne, Paradis said Wiseman’s publication on X is reminiscent of an infamous quote from former prime minister, Sir John A. Macdonald, comparing Quebecers to dogs.

In 1885, Macdonald was purported to have said of Métis leader Louis Riel, who was seen as a folk hero and a martyr in Quebec because of his defence of the French language and his Catholic faith: “He shall hang though every dog in Quebec bark in his favour.”

Days after Riel’s execution,

as described by historian Robert N. Wilkins in the Montreal Gazette

, 50,000 people protested in the streets of Montreal and the Conservatives never fully recovered politically in Quebec until John Diefenbaker swept the province in 1958.

The PQ is adding its voice to a growing list of politicians in Ottawa who criticized Wiseman’s potential nomination this week because of his connection to the Century Initiative, but also because of past skepticism of the supply management system.

Conservative Leader Pierre Poilievre said on Wednesday that Wiseman is “someone who has shown contempt for Quebec and who cannot negotiate on behalf of Quebec.”

“Why does the Prime Minister want to appoint him as ambassador to Washington?”

Bloc Québécois House leader Christine Normandin also took issue with the use of the word “howl” which she said is something dogs do.

As for NDP Deputy Leader Alexandre Boulerice, he said to have an ambassador in the U.S. that does not believe in supply management sends a “very, very bad signal” before the start of the review of the Canada-U.S.-Mexico trade agreement next year.

National Post

calevesque@postmedia.com

Our website is the place for the latest breaking news, exclusive scoops, longreads and provocative commentary. Please bookmark nationalpost.com and sign up for our newsletters here.

An Ontario man kept his wife and four children confined in their home for years through intimidation and fear while cloaking abuse as protection that kept them healthy “in the eyes of the Lord.”

A jury in Owen Sound, Ont.,

found a father guilty

of five counts of unlawful confinement — one count each for his wife and four children — along with sexual assault, threatening death, assault, and other charges.

The man’s family escaped their home with the help of police, and he was arrested the following day.

Court heard the confinement of his wife and one child, who is now an adult, lasted 17 years, while confinement of three younger children extended for their entire lives, ranging from six to 11 years.

The man kept them mostly indoors in homes in Bruce and Huron counties, two predominantly agricultural regions dotted by villages and towns along the shore of Lake Huron, about 200 kilometres west of Toronto.

Publication bans prohibiting identification of the victims mean the man cannot be named.

“Rather than being the loving, inclusive, tolerant father and husband that he attempted to paint himself, he believes he’s smarter than most people,” Assistant Crown Attorney Meredith Gardiner told the jury.

“He knows it all. He’s done it all. He’s been through more than anyone. He has superhuman strength. He is exceptional. And he believes he should be in control of everyone and everything, all the time.”

While the couple were dating, the man told his future wife that because of “rape culture” she couldn’t go outside unless he was with her, the wife testified. While inside the home she had to close the windows and draw the curtains, but he allowed the windows to be opened briefly if the wind was coming from the north.

In her summary of evidence to the jury last week, Ontario Superior Court Judge Gisele Miller said the children were confined to certain parts of a house and couldn’t go outside unless permitted by their father, or they were with him.

The wife testified that at first her husband let her take their children to the park before restrictions tightened and “he really pulled us in … isolating the family visually from the community,” Miller said of the woman’s testimony. The increased restrictions coincided with the birth of another child.

For a few years, his wife and eldest child were permitted to attend one community event a year, “otherwise, they could not go anywhere alone,” Miller said of the wife’s testimony.

When neighbours raised concern about not seeing the family outside, the man permitted his wife to let the children out one at a time, Miller said. He asked for pictures of this, “in case CAS would call,” a reference to child welfare authorities, Miller’s summary of evidence said.

He wouldn’t let the children ride bicycles or play with toys.

“While outside, the children were not permitted to touch the ground,” Miller said. They could go outside once a week for 10 or 15 minutes, but only if the wind was coming from the north.

Two children told court they feared their father would kill them if they disobeyed. The charges include physically assaulting a son by lifting him off the floor by his face.

The wife was asked in cross-examination about opportunities to escape when her husband left them at home to go on vacations on his own, and about their shared ownership of the house and bank account.

She said she was fearful of what he would do if they left or if she used the bank card without his permission. The woman testified she and her children complied with his restrictions because they feared they would be killed if they didn’t.

The man had pleaded not guilty to all charges and denied confining his family.

He was self-represented at his trial that started Oct. 27. The court appointed lawyer Richard Stern to assist the court and the accused.

Stern said the accused characterized his actions as acts of love and protection.

Stern told the jury the father’s position was that “he went to great lengths to protect his family, keep them safe from harm, and keep them healthy and good in the eyes of the Lord.”

Stern said the defendant felt he was shielding them from what he believed were the “evils of secular society” and that videos he made of his family showed his “love and affection” for them.

The accused said the accusations were unfounded accounts by his former wife, calling it a “false, distorted story of cruelty and intimidation when the reality was love.”

The husband argued his wife could have left at any time and “all of this could have been avoided” had his family, police, and child welfare authorities told him they wanted to leave.

He told court he took the family on trips in Ontario and the United States and often reminded his wife to let the children outside. He said he made a deal with his wife and their eldest child that he would pay for everything if they stayed home and kept house, Miller said of his evidence.

The jury was shown video clips of him taking the children out in his car. One video showed one of the children, who was almost seven, seeing a community centre and a park for the first time.

Miller said the man described the videos he supplied as showing “happiness, love, frivolity and togetherness” and their “devotion to Christianity.”

Gardiner, the prosecutor, argued he was not a credible witness, that his testimony was repeatedly contradicted by his words heard on the videos. His actions were not to protect or correct the children, as parents have the right to do, but rather were a result of his “abusive personality.”

“It is the Crown position that (the defendant) ruled his family through intimidation, threats and violence. He controlled every part of their lives,” Miller told the jury. She advised that confinement can be by way of “fear, intimidation and psychological or other means.”

The jury agreed and convicted him on 13 of the 15 charges.

He was also convicted of threatening bodily harm, criminal harassment and intimidation against an Ontario Disability Support Worker who was trying to initiate an investigation that required his eldest child to sign documents.

The jury concluded he was the masked man on a Harley Davidson motorcycle who drove by the worker’s office, waited outside, and followed him to a gas station and then to a diner. The worker testified the man on the motorcycle drove up to him and said “mess with my family and you’ll pay” several times.

The man has not yet been sentenced.

Gardiner said she may make an application for an assessment of the man for a possible dangerous offender designation. That could lead to an indeterminate prison sentence and a long-term supervision order.

Postmedia

• Brutal killing of beloved business owner sparks uproar in quiet Ontario city
• ‘Don’t go downtown!’ Inside Canada’s small-town homeless catastrophe

Our website is the place for the latest breaking news, exclusive scoops, longreads and provocative commentary. Please bookmark nationalpost.com and sign up for our daily newsletter, Posted, here.

An Ontario woman is accused of being a serial Jellycat burglar after a police raid uncovered a large collection of the trendy plush collectible toys at her home, worth an estimated $7,500.

Jellycats are soft, stuffed toys that come in a wide range of whimsical designs, including animals and food items, that have become a trendy, hot collectible craze — reminiscent of Beanie Babies in the 1990s.

The dark side of the Jellycat obsession started to unravel on Oct. 25 when an unspecified number of Jellycats were stolen from a store in Kitchener, Ont.

The store was hit again last Saturday, with Jellycats also the target, Waterloo Regional Police said. The value of plushies from the two heists was about $2,000.

The thefts appeared to be linked and a suspect was identified soon after Saturday’s boost.

On Tuesday, police moved in on a home in Guelph armed with a search warrant.

“Officers recovered approximately 140 stolen toy items, valued at an estimated $7,500. Most of the recovered items were Jellycat toys,” police said in a written statement. Police said they believe most of the toys were stolen in the Greater Toronto area.

A police photo of the seized goods shows a table covered with colourful, plush toys, some grouped by type and colour, showing several repeated designs.

There is also a Jellycat sign that looks like it could be from a store display.

The alleged culprit is a 52-year-old Guelph woman.

She was arrested and charged with theft over $5,000, possession of stolen property over $5,000, and trafficking in stolen property.

The charge of trafficking suggests she wasn’t just an admirer and collector.

The U.K.-based company that created Jellycat describes them as a “luxury soft toy.” They often sell at retail in Canada from between $125 and $30, depending on size and design. They frequently appear in social media posts and appeal to a wide age range and are popular internationally.

The accused woman has a court appearance in the new year.

Meanwhile, Waterloo police said they are trying to identify other businesses in Southwestern Ontario that may have been victimized to help rehome the toys.

• Email: ahumphreys@postmedia.com | X: AD_Humphreys

• Labubu dolls at risk of Beanie Baby-like bubble bust: analyst
• What is distraction theft? Toronto police warn that it’s on the rise

Our website is the place for the latest breaking news, exclusive scoops, longreads and provocative commentary. Please bookmark nationalpost.com and sign up for our daily newsletter, Posted, here.

When police kicked down the front door of a London, Ont. townhouse in July 2024, a trail of blood on the floor and walls led them to an upstairs bedroom, where they found the near-lifeless body of Breanna Broadfoot.

Kneeling beside her, gripping a bloody 20-centimetre kitchen knife, was her boyfriend, Kuhkpaw Moo, according to police.

Breanna, whose screams could be heard in the background of a 911 call earlier that evening, was rushed to hospital with catastrophic stab wounds. She died approximately 37 hours later.

She was 17 years old.

Breanna was one of at least 1,329 women and girls who have died in Canada in criminal or suspicious circumstances over the last seven years, a shocking tally. That’s an average of one female dying under criminal or suspicious circumstances every other day in Canada.

Although 2025 to-date has shown some decrease, the number of such deaths has nonetheless trended steadily upward in recent times. In 2024, the last year for which full data was tracked, there were 221 deaths, an increase of 46 per cent over the 151 deaths in 2019, an

Investigative Journalism Bureau

analysis has found.

Researchers, advocates and some police officials told the IJB the numbers point to a Canadian epidemic of femicide, which the United Nations has defined as the intentional killing of women because of their gender.

On Tuesday, Justice Minister Sean Fraser introduced Bill C-16: the Protecting Victims Act, which proposes, among other things, to define murders of women involving “control, hate, sexual violence or exploitation” as “femicide.” The bill, if passed, would allow such killings to be classified as first-degree murder, even without premeditation, and would add the word femicide to the Criminal Code.

The bill is a “welcome development” for Breanna’s family, who promised after her death to fight for reforms to a justice system they say failed to protect her from Moo, 18, who was shot dead by police after her stabbing.

Breanna’s parents, Jess and Brett Broadfoot, said their ambitious daughter spent her short life looking out for others.

“She would be the first one to speak up for somebody, or make sure somebody had what they needed,” Brett said of Breanna, whose organs now live in five transplant recipients.

“Her heart never stopped beating, and she’s still out there helping people.”

***

It’s difficult to know how many of the 1,329 female deaths tracked by the IJB could be classified as femicides based on the definitions in the proposed bill. While police and court documents sometimes reference how a perpetrator had an explicit intention to target a woman or women, the term “femicide” has been controversial.

There is a patchwork of approaches by police and prosecutors in using the label.

Although police forces in cities including Ottawa, London and Kingston have labelled some killings of girls and women as “femicide,” forces in cities including Vancouver and Calgary have said they would only adopt this term if it were added to the Criminal Code.

The RCMP defines the deaths of women as homicides, but has been “examining” how Ottawa police and international law-enforcement agencies use the word femicide with the goal of potentially establishing its own definition, said RCMP Staff Sgt. Kris Clark.

Regardless of how they are labelled, the killings analyzed by the IJB reveal a growing crisis.

The typical female victim in this country is slain by a man nearly 90 per cent of the time. There’s more than a one-in-three chance the man is a current or former intimate partner, and a one-in-four chance he is a family member.

The odds are high — 83 per cent — that police, child services, judicial or mental health systems were aware of the offender prior to the killing due to a previous interaction.

If convicted in court of the killing, the man’s sentence will be about 10 years, the IJB data shows.

“It’s just too easy to harm women, and there’s no consequence of any meaningful significance,” said Megan Walker, former chair of the Police Services Board in London, Ont.

“The justice system continues to fail women.”

Femicide is already recognized as a specific offence in more than two dozen countries, primarily in Latin America. In Canada, advocates have long fought for legislation that would treat violence against women differently, including naming femicide as a distinct crime or considering it an aggravating factor that would yield a longer sentence.

Bill C-16 is “a step toward” restructuring how violence against women is recognized in law, said Angela Marie MacDougall, executive director of the Vancouver-based Battered Women’s Support Services. But more change is needed to the justice system to truly help victims, she said.

“Ensuring survivors can safely and effectively access justice is another (step).”

Not everyone agrees on the Liberals’ femicide proposals.

Ottawa criminal defence lawyer Michael Spratt fears the legislative proposals that would elevate charges to first-degree murder will prompt more offenders to go to trial rather than plead guilty, further clogging the court system and putting families or witnesses through the trauma of testifying.

“I’m very skeptical whether this bill will help,” said Spratt.

Instead, solutions should include addressing the violence before it leads to murder, through education and counselling, he said.

Lawyer Christine Van Geyn believes the justice system already has sufficient charging and sentencing tools to handle homicides, regardless of the victim’s gender.

“The solutions lie in earlier intervention, improvements in policing and social-services response, and better protection for women at known risk, not in creating new homicide categories that duplicate existing offences,” said Van Geyn, litigation director with the Canadian Constitution Foundation.

But support for recognizing femicide has been slowly growing among police.

Deputy chief Patricia Ferguson of the Ottawa Police Service says the murders of men often have to do with their behaviour, including involvement in the drug trade, robberies or bar fights.

For female victims, it is typically less about behaviour than about their proximity to a violent individual.

Heather Lachine, superintendent of criminal investigations for Ottawa Police, called the data on female killings gathered by the IJB “insane.”

The difference between many killings of men and women, she says, is this: “Women are killed because they are mothers and they are spouses and they are sex trade workers and just for who they are.”

“Women and girls are killed in a different context than men and boys,” agrees Myrna Dawson, director of the Canadian Femicide Observatory for Justice and Accountability at the University of Guelph, which has been gathering its own data on femicides since 2018.

***

The IJB spent more than a year examining the deaths of females across Canada. By searching public records, police reports, court documents and missing person websites, reporters mapped the grim details and outcomes of 1,329 suspicious female deaths since 2019.

The database includes confirmed homicides and deaths that police deem criminally suspicious. Where charges are laid, the majority are murder or manslaughter.

In a handful of cases, court records allege the accused caused a woman’s death through crimes such as arson, failing to provide the necessities of life and aggravated assault.

When it comes to sentencing, penalties have varied widely, based in part on how well the victim knew her killer.

Of the 687 cases reviewed by the IJB in which the accused was close to the victim — either a current or former intimate partner, or a family member — judicial outcomes have been reached in 337 to-date.

Of those 337, more than one-third pleaded to lesser offences, were found guilty of a lesser crime or had their charges stayed or dropped.

Offenders with close ties to their victim are often treated with greater leniency than other violent criminals because of an “intimacy or domestic discount” in sentencing, a

2023 Statistics Canada report

noted.

“Persons accused of a homicide against someone with whom they share a close relationship may be perceived as lacking criminal intent,” the report said, and may be seen by the legal system to have acted on “provocation or strong emotion.”

***

Over the past decade, various Canadian inquiries have examined the targeted deaths of women or mass casualty events that included female victims. Hundreds of recommendations were made to prevent the root causes of gender-based violence.

Few have been enacted.

A 2022 coroner’s inquest into the murder of three women by a man in Renfrew County, Ont., led to 86 recommendations, including asking the federal government to add “femicide” to the Criminal Code — a step the proposed bill aims to achieve.

The Ontario government disappointed survivors’ families by rejecting nine of the 68 recommendations that were made to the province — including the jury’s top request to declare intimate partner violence an epidemic in Ontario.

Other recommendations were accepted wholly or in part; provincial officials did not respond to requests for details on their status.

In Nova Scotia, the Mass Casualty Commission examined a man’s two-day killing spree in April 2020, which began with assaulting his girlfriend and ended with 22 people dead, 13 women and nine men.

The commission’s March 2023 report issued 130 recommendations divided into 12 categories. As of June 2025, just two categories related to policing had been completed.

Unheeded red flags

Psychologist Katreena Scott, who sits on the Ontario chief coroner’s committee that reviews domestic violence fatalities, said most of the intimate partner homicide cases reviewed by the committee included red flags that should be spotted in a better-working system.

“Systems often don’t listen very well,” she said. “Systems don’t listen to survivors — to women, who are saying, ‘Listen, this is a dangerous situation’ or are asking for help.”

That appears to have been true in Calgary, where, in two strikingly similar cases, women were allegedly murdered by ex-partners, just 18 months apart.

Both suspected killers had histories of stalking, harassment and flouting no-contact orders.

In January 2024, after six months seeking protection by the courts and police, 40-year-old mother of three Melanie Nicolaides was allegedly killed by her ex-husband, Kerry Girling.

Girling had been on bail since July 2023 after being charged with a violent crime. The court ordered him not to contact his ex-wife, but he was charged with breaching those conditions that September and November.

Nicolaides “fear(ed) for her safety,” according to court documents. On Jan. 16, 2024, a Peace Officer signed a document outlining new charges against Girling for contacting Nicolaides.

What court clerks didn’t know was that an hour-and-a-half before they stamped the paperwork for Girling’s arrest, he had stabbed Nicolaides to death outside an elementary school. He then took his own life.

Calgary Police’s Domestic Violence Review and Assignment Team had done a risk assessment of the case prior to Melanie Nicolaides’s death, according to spokesperson Amy Castonguay. She would not confirm what level of risk Nicolaides was determined to be in.

After the death, Calgary Police conducted an internal review which “resulted in recommendations to strengthen our resourcing, threat assessment and domestic violence policy, which are in the process of being implemented,” Castonguay said.

A remarkably similar case unfolded 18 months later.

In July 2025, Madisson Cobb, 23, woke up in her childhood home in Okotoks, Alta. to get ready for her job as a surgical eye assistant in Calgary.

That afternoon, she was killed in a parkade near her office. Police allege her killer was her ex-boyfriend, Devon Malik, who was subject to multiple restraining orders stemming from allegations of harassment, threats and stalking Cobb.

“Her life was full of potential,” Madisson Cobb’s mother, Jackie Cobb, told the federal Standing Committee on Justice and Human Rights during its debate on bail and sentencing reform for repeat offenders on Nov. 18, 2025.

Court documents reveal a chilling account of Madisson Cobb’s fears and her efforts to get the justice system to protect her.

She told police in March that she’d endured months of “non-stop” contact from Malik after she ended their relationship. In an affidavit, she documented receiving multiple calls and texts daily, and finding two tracking devices on her vehicle.

She noted Malik owned a gun.

Cobb obtained a restraining order against Malik on June 10, which he’s alleged to have quickly breached.

Malik was also charged with two counts of harassment of Cobb in May and June. He was released on bail in both instances.

The day after Malik appeared in an Okotoks courtroom for one of the harassment charges, Cobb was shot to death. Malik is now in jail charged with first-degree murder.

Malik’s lawyer, Jim Lutz, declined comment while the case is before the courts. Calgary Police declined to comment for the same reason.

Today, the Cobbs want to honour their daughter’s legacy of helping others by fighting for systemic change.

“I represent her desire to find justice in a system that failed her when she needed it the most … The restraining order did not do its job. It was a piece of paper with meaningless words,” said Madisson Cobb’s mother, who calls it her “mission” to get a law passed in Madisson’s name that makes ankle monitors a mandatory condition of a restraining order.

“How many innocent people need to die, like my young daughter Madisson, for legislation to change?”

***

Toronto lawyer Kathryn Marshall represents 22 plaintiffs in a lawsuit against the federal government filed by advocacy group End Violence Everywhere. It alleges that systemic failures in Canada’s justice system continue to expose plaintiffs to sexual and intimate partner violence, and has caused “severe injustice and left dangerous offenders on the streets.”

“They’re all people who the system has failed,” Marshall said.

The government has not yet provided a statement of defence.

The Broadfoots are among the individuals involved in Marshall’s lawsuit.

In March 2024, four months before her murder, Breanna Broadfoot went out to dinner with her family to celebrate her 17th birthday.

She hid black eyes under her makeup, the result of a brutal domestic violence attack two weeks earlier, which had put her in the hospital and left her with bruises on her neck and broken facial bones, her mother recalled.

“She had been strangled, punched a lot. She was covered in blood,” Jess Broadfoot said of the attack, allegedly by Moo. “He tried to murder my baby girl.”

Charged with assault, including strangulation, Moo was released by police the same day without having to appear before a judge to argue for bail. As part of his release, Moo agreed to not contact or be within 50 metres of Breanna.

But the contact continued, according to Breanna’s parents. Four months later, she was killed.

In response to questions from the IJB, London Police Acting Insp. David Younan, said the force had opened an internal review into the circumstances around Breanna’s murder.

The purpose is “to examine our own role honestly, to identify any gaps in our policies or practices, and to make improvements wherever they are needed.”

Younan said the force intends to publicly release the findings.

Since Breanna Broadfoot’s murder, at least another 271 females have been killed in Canada under criminal or suspicious circumstances. Fifteen of the cases involved a victim under 18 years old.

In the past year, Breanna’s father has joined the board of the London Abused Women Centre and provided witness testimony to government committees, and Jess raises donations and funds for local shelters ongoing.

When he struggles to go on, Brett re-reads a Father’s Day card Breanna wrote him.

“‘Dad, you have given me the greatest gift anyone could give another person: love, hope, strength, courage and, best of all, you believe in me. I love you,’” recited Brett in a shaking voice.

“Hear my daughter’s voice … and let’s continue to move forward in stopping this in our communities.”

— With files from Dori Seeman, Lindsay Catre and Myrialine Catule, Investigative Journalism Bureau

The Investigative Journalism Bureau (IJB) at the University of Toronto’s Dalla Lana School of Public Health is a collaborative investigative newsroom supported by Postmedia that partners with academics, researchers and journalists while training the next generation of investigative reporters. Additional reporting contributed by the Organized Crime and Corruption Reporting Project.

The IJB’s investigation by the numbers

Years: 2019-2025

• 1,329:

Number of girls and women killed (to Dec. 10, 2025)

• 151:

Number of victims in 2019

• 221:

Number of victims in 2024 (46% more than in 2019)

•
87%

of female victims were killed by someone they knew

• 83%

 of offenders had criminal, mental health “red flags” in their histories

• 10 years:

average sentence for killing a woman (more than two years to reach those sentences after charges laid)

• 13%

of cases from 2019 to 2025 remain unsolved

• 26%

 of victims were Indigenous, five times their proportion of the Canadian population

• Ontario and Manitoba

have the largest increases of femicide rates

• ‘This is the new slavery’: Migrant farm workers underpaid, abused and injured
• Data show minimum sentences for child porn ignored by courts

Our website is the place for the latest breaking news, exclusive scoops, longreads and provocative commentary. Please bookmark nationalpost.com and sign up for our newsletters here.

ST. CATHARINES, Ont. — Gigi and Nick are stoking a fire on the right bank of Twelve Mile Creek. It is the sunset hour in St. Catharines, Ont., but the atmosphere is damp and heavy from a November morning rain.

There is not another soul in sight, down here in the riverside parklands below a street called Gale Crescent, a few blocks east of downtown. For kindling, Gigi has scavenged an armful of twigs from the municipal shrubbery. She stacks it inside a makeshift hearth of flagstones and tries to get it to catch, but the twigs are wet and will not accept the flame from Nick’s pocket lighter.

Nick Dunits is 25, hooded, mustached and thinly bearded, soft-spoken, downcast, defeated. His running shoes are brand new. Gigi is mature, self-aware, alert, conversational, with streaky brown-blond hair and bright-red lipstick distracting from a broken smile.

“I am a 33-year-old woman,” she announces. “I would like to sit on a real toilet sometime.” But for privacy, the late Niagara afternoon offers only the sky above, the mud below.

Gigi H. — she doesn’t offer her full surname — says that she ran track and played volleyball and badminton in high school in nearby Thorold, half of her lifespan ago. She says that she studied for a time at Niagara College to become an esthetician.

“You didn’t just learn about the outside of the person,” she relays. “You had to learn about the inside — the whole person — too.”

Nick says that he has a seven-year-old child whom he hasn’t seen in five years. Gigi says that she has given birth to four children by “my two baby daddies” and that the kids live comfortably with their respective fathers.

“I was sure when I was 10 years old that I wanted to run an orphanage,” Gigi says.

Now she lives in one, the biggest in the world, as big as our country, the open-air warehouse of the “unhoused.”

In her faux-leather purse (or maybe it is genuine calfskin) are a makeup palette, some mascaras and a length of plastic tubing connected to what appears to be a pipe for smoking drugs.

Nick says he has a generous sister who sometimes takes him in, and that he got hooked on the painkiller Percocet at the age of 16, back at St. Catharines Collegiate.

“I did it to fit in,” he says with a shrug, barely whispering.

He says that his parents, addicts also, live in a tent by the creek. There used to be a lot of tents on the flats below Gale Crescent before the city swept them away.

Nick says he recently spent a month in jail for stealing a loaf of bread.

It could have been worse. In Victor Hugo’s Les Miserables, Jean Valjean serves 19 years in the galleys of Toulon for the same offence.

“It was just a loaf of bread, but the judge said, ‘Stealing is stealing.’” Nick sighs. When he got out, the street was waiting. It is very patient, the street.

“Homeless people got the biggest hearts,” he says.

An hour earlier, Gigi and Nick had been lounging among the dozens of permanent itinerants in the back lot of the Salvation Army on Calvin Street, a brick dormitory with a cornerstone consecrated, “To the glory of God.” Across the street, outside the doors of a social-service agency called Start Me Up, a woman was writhing and screaming.

Another fellow carefully spelled out his name as “Abdalla Yaya, from Somalia,” as he propped himself unsteadily against the mission wall.

“One lie,” Yaya said. “One lie. One lie when I was young put me here.

“The voice in my head.

“It is confused.”

* * *

At this same hour of every day, in every season, in Canadian cities and towns and villages of all sizes, darkness is gathering and so are the inhalers, the injectors, the vagrants, the victims, the dealers, the ranters, the scroungers, the abused, the disconnected, the bread-stealers, the convicted, the convulsing, and the Yayas of every description.

Homelessness in this country as 2025 concludes is a public catastrophe composed of tens of thousands of private collapses. It is big-city and it is small-town. It is pharmaceutical, and it is macroeconomic. There are no answers, and many answers. There are initiatives, institutions, jurisdictions, community forums, police incursions, devoted volunteers, Christian pieties, tent cities, dung heaps, tiny houses, bulldozers, needles scattered like fescue seeds, and no end of free shoes and soup.

The unhoused of 2025 are not the rail-riding hobos of the Great Depression — W. O. Mitchell’s “strange men (who) swung down from the trains, their blanket rolls slung over one shoulder, bright flannel shirts open at the neck, their lean faces dark with coal dust.”

And they are not the beggared legions with whom George Orwell wandered incognito across Britain in 1933, only to conclude that “a tramp’s sufferings are entirely useless. He lives a fantastically disagreeable life, and lives it to no purpose whatever … the problem is how to turn him from a bored, half-alive vagrant into a self-respecting human being. A mere increase of comfort cannot do this.”

Overwhelmed by the commercial and chemical genius of the Mexican cartels, their Canadian middlemen and the Chinese laboratories that supply them with ever more potent drugs that are

killing an average of 18 people a day

, Canada’s homeless and those who must cross their ragged existence, are caught between charity and condemnation. Some Canadians feed who they can; others are simply fed up.

A recent

Nanos poll

found a majority of Canadians — nearly 60 per cent — say they supported communities declaring states of emergency to clear homeless encampments in parks and public spaces.

A three-day drive around small towns and cities in Southern Ontario brought us face-to-face with Canada’s homeless crisis, but it could have been anywhere.

It could have been in

Medicine Hat, Alta.

, where a 2021 claim that it was the first Canadian city to end homelessness lasted just five months. Community opposition has halted the operation of the only daytime service centre for vulnerable residents and forestalled the centre’s bid to add some overnight beds.

It could have been on

Salt Spring Island, B.C

., until recently the province’s highest per capita capital of homelessness, where, according to the president of the local chamber of commerce, “derelict sailboats and multiple people living on little floating rafts” can be seen in Ganges Harbour.

It could have been in

Shubie Campground

, in Dartmouth, N.S., where the city is helping to cover the costs of people renting RV spots over the winter as a housing option.

In a count taken in the fall of 2024, the federal government

estimated

nearly 60,000 people in 74 communities in nearly every province and territory were experiencing homelessness on a single night. This was part of the “Point in Time” enumeration, which captures a one-night snapshot of homelessness.

Next May, Statistics Canada will add two questions to the

national census

asking respondents if they have experienced sheltered or unsheltered homelessness or if they have been compelled to bunk with friends or family members.

* * *

Back on Twelve Mile Creek in St. Catharines, the fire has gone out, in more ways than one.

“A spirit guide told me that 33 was going to be a bad year for me,” Gigi says. “And now I’m 33.”

As a last resort, she removes her right shoe and peels off her knee-high hose, clicks her lighter and watches the fabric sizzle and flare.

They’re in business.

“We would like to get on with our evening now,” Gigi says, gently urging a visitor back up the hill toward the city and the autumn night.

In 2025, mushrooming tents and middens of trash are as much a part of any Canadian townscape as the library, the arena and the bandshell in Centennial Park.

Thus it happened that, over the past few years, an untended triangle of lumpy lawn at the corner of Niagara and Church streets in St. Catharines, behind the Salvation Army, became strewn with rotting food, jettisoned charity, and enough syringes to deliver poison to kill every citizen of the Garden City two or three times over.

“You drive by there and there’s garbage everywhere. You see crack pipes, you see all the stuff lying all over the place,” a concerned resident of the city is reporting. “You see all of their cotton balls, their alcohol swabs.

“The city of St. Catharines did clean up the encampments that were along Gale Crescent. They cleaned all of that up. Wonderful, fabulous. But we still have the drugstores, and I don’t care if this is government-funded or not, but like, let’s hand out free meth to all these people? Right?

“So, these people line up at the drugstore every day, same time. They sit on the street, they throw their garbage everywhere, and they get their stuff, and then they’re whacked out for however long. And they make a mess. They piss, they sh-t, and there are no consequences. No consequences.”

This is from Tim Toffolo, a tall and garrulous man who dresses for a Niagara winter in sandals and a Hawaiian shirt, and his partner, the more sartorially sensible Silva Leone. They are at a Tim Hortons a few blocks from Calvin Street, and Abdalla Yaya, and Gigi and Nick.

Toffolo is a real estate sales rep who was a pretty good hockey player before he mangled his shoulder beyond repair in junior and later bought the team down in Port Colborne, Ont. Now out of the hockey business, he and Leone recently acquired a property not far from the unkempt corner of Niagara and Church.

“It angered us and it saddened us,” he says of their daily drive-by. “It got to the point after seeing it so long, it just kept on going through my head, OK, there’s no way the mayor hasn’t seen this. There’s no way the councillors haven’t seen this. There’s no way that city workers haven’t seen it. There’s a fire station right across the street!

“We started making phone calls and asking questions, and we started to go around in a circle on the mayoral merry-go-round. No institution and no government entity was doing anything.

“And we just said, OK, enough’s enough. We’re going to go do it ourselves.”

In early November, the couple went to the site — it is registered to a numbered corporation — and stuffed as much crap as they could into black garbage bags, taking care not to impale themselves on the hundreds or even thousands of needles resting in the weeds.

“I couldn’t believe what was being thrown away in that lot,” Leone says. “Running shoes that had never touched the ground. New clothes that still had the tags on them. Those do-gooders who are giving this stuff away — and I am one of them — they need to know that it’s just going to be burned for a fire.

“Some people are probably going to say that we’re cruel to the homeless,” she says with a shrug.

“Enough’s enough,” Toffolo repeats. “If we don’t fix this problem now, 15 years from now it’s going to be worse.

“It’s got to be that, if you’re doing drugs, you’re going in an institution to get cleaned up and you don’t have a choice,” Toffolo says.

“As a country, we need to take care of our own,” he continues. “And that’s not happening. It’s pretty scary that we, the people of Ontario, of Canada, have let our cities get to this point.”

“Is ‘destroyed’ too strong?” the couple is asked.

“I don’t think so,” Toffolo replies. “Our culture, our safety has been destroyed.

“I can walk down the street on any given day at any given time, and I guarantee you I can see somebody on the side of the road smoking crack, injecting themselves. What are we doing about it?

“You can keep talking all you want, but boots on the ground are what makes the changes. Hopefully, we’re going to have people joining us and saying, ‘Hey you know what? We’re not going to accept this.’ But it’s going to take boots on the ground.”

* * *

Three days before Halloween, Chad Nikiforow of Owen Sound, Ont., was awakened at 4 a.m. by a disturbance in the unlocked “mud room” of his home on Third Avenue West. The clothes dryer was running, its door propped open by a ski pole. Chad’s wife Ruth and their two school-age children were slumbering upstairs.

Long known humorously by a fluke of geography as “the elephant’s asshole,” Owen Sound is the seat of Grey County, population about 21,000, and the commercial gateway to the scenic Bruce Peninsula. (Look at the map: the Bruce is the elephant’s tail, Windsor is at the tip of the trunk, Niagara forms the beast’s front legs, and so on.)

Downtown Owen Sound offers a wallet-draining gallery of high-end boutiques, including a certain gourmet cheese shop that, one local resident notes, “is about as frou as you can frou.”

As October ended, the big car ferry that plies up to Manitoulin Island — the 50-year-old MS Chi-Cheemaun — was tying up in dry dock for the winter a few blocks from Chad and Ruth Nikiforow’s address. But so was one of the largest per capita rosters of homeless in the province. For the Nikiforows, the crisis everyone in Owen Sound had been talking about for years had literally hit home.

“At first I didn’t even realize anybody was in there,” Chad reports. “I thought an animal had gotten in because it didn’t dawn on me — why would anybody be on my back porch? And then, OK, it was probably some person, because there’s food here and a big mound of sheets on the floor.

“Then I see somebody’s hiding their face in the sheets, just the head poking out of a hoodie. I stood there for a couple of minutes and then I’m like, OK, well, I don’t necessarily want to have a confrontation here at four in the morning.”

“He didn’t immediately want to talk to them because he didn’t want to be a big, bad bully,” says Ruth. “So, then the police come, and they’re like, ‘Male or female?’ My husband’s like, ‘I don’t know.’

“There was no pee on the sheets. There was no sign that it was drug-related. It was a human being looking for food and shelter.”

Even in little Owen Sound, the hooded woman or man on the back porch was hardly an outlier.

“Every night there’s anywhere between 50 and 100 people in the same situation,” says Chad. “Across the street, they had all their sheds broken into, and they stole all their power tools like chainsaws and weed whackers. If you’re going to be kicking through fences and breaking into sheds trying to steal power tools, you’re probably pretty desperate.

“But that’s no excuse. There’s tons of people, millions of people around the world that have bad lives and traumas and stuff like that. It’s all about the choices you make. You can let that affect you or you can choose to get on with your life and try to make something of it.

“The way I figure it is, I pay enough tax dollars. I pay enough fees and licensing and registrations to the government, which is supposed to deal with things like that. It’s the government that should fix it somehow. Quit wasting money.

“I just don’t think it’s going to be solved in my lifetime. I think things are just going to get worse and worse until everybody wants to leave. In the 50 years that I’ve been alive, I wouldn’t say things have improved at all.

“Two years ago, we did a big trip to Thailand and Vietnam. Those places are listed as Third World countries, but then when you compare the quality of life here to the quality of life there, for the average person I would say Canada is a Third World country. As far as homelessness goes, you don’t see the same kind of homelessness and drug addiction over there.”

“So, are you ready to pack up and move?” Chad Nikiforow is asked.

“Yeah, I would go for sure. Take the kids, put them in an international school. I just got to convince my wife. She still thinks this is as good as it gets.”

* * *

That frou-frou fromagerie in downtown Owen Sound is The Milk Maid, after the painting by Vermeer. It offers a splendid array of domestic wines and pungent cheeses at equally pungent prices, not to mention curated charcuterie boards and crusty sourdough that resemble the loaves depicted by the 17th-century Dutch Master. The Jean Valjeans of the world would be sorely tempted.

“Yeah, we’re the elephant’s asshole, but in this region we’re the main hub, right?” says Robin Miller, the shop’s co-owner. “We’ve got the biggest hospital around here, we’ve got all the recovery-type, the rehab-type facilities, safe needle spots, soup kitchens, that sort of thing, but not a huge amount of industry or tourism as opposed to a lot of the other communities in the area. And so, I think we just kind of get a lot of the problem cases.

“Dregs is not the word, obviously, I wouldn’t want to demean anyone, everyone’s life matters. But yeah, we get a lot of folks who are struggling with different things, lower income stuff. You know, the housing cost is crazy everywhere, but it’s especially so here. There’s not a lot of affordable options.”

The first four people a reporter meets in Owen Sound all warn him not to go downtown, especially after dark. Do your dining and shopping up the hill along the usual strip of Tim Hortons, Harvey’s and Home Hardware, they advise.

“At one time it could have been said that shoppers and visitors just felt uncomfortable downtown, but that feeling has changed. It is now a feeling of being unsafe and this is no longer acceptable,” Owen Sound Police Board chair John Thomson wrote in May.

Even tiny Wiarton, Ont., one-tenth the size of Owen Sound, had a $300,000 drug bust in mid-October. The Ontario Provincial Police called it “a significant disruption to the illegal drug trade in our region.”

“Obviously, there is a drug and a homeless side of it,” Miller says. “But there’s a full demographic of folks, and we like being one of the spots downtown that, when people come in here, it’s like a little safe spot, and they just get this little bubble in here and enjoy themselves.”

Owen Sound has a social agency infrastructure, homeless response teams, shelters, harm-reduction facilities, medical treatment. “So, does this end with this generation of homeless, do you think?” Miller is asked.

“I feel like it’s going to keep getting worse,” he answers. “We are, thankfully, in an era where there is more awareness and acceptance and money going into mental health, which is good. And more people are understanding, that it’s not just, ‘Oh, throw them in jail.’

“Unfortunately, I don’t see it getting any better. They can’t help themselves, especially when it comes to the most scientifically designed drugs that are made to hook them and keep them hooked forever.”

Yet for the desk clerk at a motel up the hill on Sixth Street in Owen Sound, it wasn’t forever.

Jennifer Shute, now 43, once was the vulnerable princess of a family she labels “riddled with addiction.” She says she tried to kill herself when she was 17.

“There was sexual abuse and then I was in physically abusive relationships,” Shute says. What followed was addiction to injectable drugs and winter nights in her car, running the heater until the gas ran dry.

Eleven months in a treatment centre got her clean. “It worked, but you have to want it,” she says. “All you can do is meet them at their level. If you put them on a bus and ship them to Toronto, that’s what Toronto does right back to us, because we have detox, we have treatment centres, we have mental-health facilities.”

“Can you lock them in a cell or a treatment centre so they can’t get the stuff?” she is asked.

“Oh, they can get it in jail. It just costs more money, but they can abuse all kinds of things in jail. I’ve seen them take methadone, drink it down, vomit it back up and share it,” says Shute.

Despite the drugs, the trauma and the homeless, Shute says she’s stayed in Owen Sound because of her family. “If I can’t be clean and sober here, where my kids are, I’m just running from the triggers head-on, I’m just running from the problem.

“I have a car again. I have a life. I have an apartment of my own. My kids are with me.

“I’ll never be sure it’s permanent for me. All I can do is today.”

* * *

Higher than the single-night count by the federal government, the Association of Municipalities of Ontario

estimates

more than 80,000 persons were homeless in the province in 2024.

Of these, the handsome village of Cayuga enumerated exactly one. Or maybe two. But not at the same time.

It’s a sunny November morning along the Grand River and the local folks are trying to help an out-of-towner track down a man who is described as being in his 60s, and who is as elusive — probably on purpose — as Bigfoot.

“He usually sleeps on the cement slab behind the restaurant,” someone offers.

“He hangs out by the abandoned mill on the river.”

“You can find him over by the picnic tables …”

“He’s very to himself,” says Jordan Fowler, who, with his wife Whitney, has operated the lovely Carolinian Café and Eatery in Cayuga for the past seven years. “Like, you’ll ask him a lot of questions, and he’ll just kind of have one-word answers. So, you don’t try to try.

“He has never been a threat. I think that there inevitably is this reaction of, ‘Who is that?’ It’s a stigma that gets perpetuated that homeless people should be feared. And I just think it’s patently untrue.”

Fowler estimates that 75 per cent of Cayugans would try to help the elusive man, “and 25 per cent,” he says, “are like, ‘Get him out of here.’”

“Would you let him live in your backyard?“ Fowler is asked

“I would certainly put him in a position, if he wanted it, to gain traction, if he showed an inkling for wanting change, if he showed to me that he wanted to get a job and do better for himself, I would, yeah. The only way to help is to be compassionate. The homeless already know that they’re making the wrong mistakes.”

“What if there was not one, but 50, and tents and needles and garbage and junk. Would people get fed up then?“ Fowler is pressed.

“I can certainly see how that would get to somebody,” he says.

“Has it reached that point in Cayuga?”

“Oh, God. Not even close.”

“It’s like we put homelessness into one big box,” Whitney Fowler says. “People say, ‘they are drug addicts. They are derelicts.’ But no, they’re all different. They’re human beings just like all of us working-class people.

“We’re putting them all into one box but we’re all so f–king different.”

* * *

The top 10 for per capita homelessness in Ontario starts with Sudbury, North Bay and Thunder Bay. St. Catharines and Owen Sound and little Cayuga don’t even make the top five.

Down at No. 10 is Barrie, once one of those idyllic villages Stephen Leacock described as lying in “a land of hope and sunshine where little towns spread their square streets and their trim maple trees beside placid lakes almost within echo of the primeval forest.”

Barrie isn’t a village anymore, and that forest got pretty darn primeval last January, and again this summer, when one of Ontario’s 80,000 unhoused citizens murdered two of his tent-neighbours and sliced them into pieces.

But progress is being made, depending on how you measure progress. In early November, two months after he

proclaimed a state of emergency

, “strong mayor” Alex Nuttall declared his city had scoured 39 camps, trucked away 400 tonnes of waste, and helped move some 68 people from tents into indoor spaces.

“You want to live in a tent on the side of the road, in a forest, or in an environmental protection area or in a park, Barrie’s not the place for you,” the mayor said.

“Morally cruel,” one advocate spat back.

A reporter rolls into Barrie on an absolutely wretched afternoon, just in time for the Santa Claus parade. Of course, the rain stops the instant the Jolly Old Elf’s float gets rolling up Lakeshore Drive. The sidewalks are packed and, for one night at least, the city is what a city should be at holiday time.

“We shouldn’t have let it get to the point where we had to make a state of emergency, but the mayor had to do something,” one man in Christmasy regalia observes. This is retail butcher Aaron Kell, who retains one outlet in Cookstown after being forced to close his Barrie outlet because of an absolutely wretched economy.

“Why do you think it happened here?” Kell is asked.

“Because this is a great place to be homeless,” he replies. “I think that the Barrie police do what they can. I think the citizens in Barrie are a big-hearted people.

“I feel bad for these businesspeople that have to deal with all of this. I can see why some people would think that Barrie is destroyed. But I also think that there’s certain parts of Toronto that are destroyed, but I don’t live there.

“To be homeless is just one paycheque away for a lot of people. You never know — one bad decision or somebody laying you off, suddenly you can’t pay your rent and you’re homeless.

“It could be you. If it was me, I’d pick Barrie.”

* * *

Back to the Garden City and Twelve Mile Creek and Gigi and Nick.

“It’s all about outlook,” Gigi, the former high school athlete, is saying by her sad circle of stones.

Towering above the creek and the man and the woman and their feeble little fire is a highrise apartment building, bright-lit and inviting, a safe home for many someones.

“Are you jealous of those people?” a well-fed stranger wonders.

“No,” says Gigi H. “I am happy for them. If I would have a million dollars, I would still live in a one-bedroom.

“Nobody owes me anything,” she says. “I owe it to myself.

“I love my country. Canada doesn’t owe me a thing.”