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A public health nurse delivers an influenza vaccination in Belleville, Ont.

A shift in the dominant strain of influenza could lessen the effectiveness of the annual vaccine and spell a rocky flu season for Canada, according to Dr. Isaac Bogoch, a professor at the University of Toronto in the Department of Medicine, and an infectious diseases specialist at the Toronto General Hospital.

There is, however, one surefire way to lessen the impact.

“People should get their flu shot,” he said bluntly in an interview with National Post. “That’s the take-home point.” He continued: “My concern is that people hear there’s a mismatch with the flu virus and say, ‘I don’t think I’m going to get one.’”

But the virus comes in three forms, he said — two strains of Influenza A known as H1N1 and H3N2, plus Influenza B. And the annual vaccine is designed to protect against all three.

“Even if there is a mismatch with one, you can protect yourself from the other two,” Bogoch said. “And even if there is a mismatch with one, you’re still provided with some protection. It just might not be the same degree of protection. So I’m very concerned about some of the messaging I’ve been seeing about this.”

Flu cases are on the rise in Canada, with

government figures

showing 1.9 per cent of tests coming back positive, and 431 detected cases in the week ending Nov. 1, in the latest published data.

Similar figures

were released by Ontario’s public health office this month.

Of those national cases, 98.6 per cent were influenza A, with H1N1 being the most

commonly detected type

. But medical experts say a mutation in the H3N2 strain could be a mismatch for this year’s vaccine, and an uptick in the number of cases of that strain around the world is concerning.

“H1N1 flu seasons, at a population level, tend to be less severe than H3N2 flu seasons,” said Bogoch. “Individuals can still have a rough course regardless of what influenza virus is circulating. But we just know, in general, the H3N2 seasons typically put more strain on our healthcare system. And other northern hemisphere countries are seeing a bit more H3N2 compared to H1N1 right now.”

The most recent data

from the U.K.

noted that while influenza levels were still fairly low, they were already increasing. “This is an unusually early start of the influenza season,” the report noted.

Ireland

similarly noted

an increase of 37 per cent in its most recent week of data, to 197 cases from 144 in the previous week. Hospitalizations more than doubled, to 53 cases from 22 the week before.

An even more troubling message came

from Australia

, where the flu season hits earlier in the year due to the southern hemisphere’s winter being the same time as our summer.

A report there noted that 2025 was the worst year on record for influenza, with around 1.5 per cent of people experiencing a notifiable flu infection – a 10.8 per cent increase on the previous year, which had itself been the record high.

“Cases continue to climb,” the report said, “with over 17,600 lab-confirmed cases … as of 20 October, more than double the 7,201 figures in October 2024.”

It’s worth noting that Canada has

higher vaccination rates

than Australia. In that country, only 60.5 per cent of seniors were vaccinated, the lowest number since 2020. In Canada, the vaccination rate among seniors was 73 per cent last year, although the overall rate was only 42 per cent, similar to the previous year’s 43 per cent.

Bogoch would like those numbers to be higher. “Because we don’t need a crystal ball to know that influenza is going to rip through Canada every late fall and winter, as it’s done for … years, and as it will continue to do.”

He added: “We know flu shots are available for people six months of age and older. And you know these are free, widely available vaccines that will a help reduce the risk of infection. And they do a remarkable job in reducing the risk of serious infection, such as hospitalization. That’s that.”

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Planes at LaGuardia airport in New York on day 41 of the government shutdown, Nov.10. Hundreds of flights have been canceled across the United States during the shutdown.

Even if the U.S. government shutdown comes to an end, flying will not immediately return to normal.

Airlines and airports have been coping with significant operational disruptions and the effects will persist beyond the shutdown. Experts and industry sources say it may take days, even longer, as airlines work to untangle complex flight schedules, which can’t be done instantly, reports

USA Today

.

Some experts believe full normalization could take between 24 and 36 hours for most major carriers, reports

Marketwatch

, but others warn that crew shortages and equipment backlogs may extend delays, especially at major airline hubs.

Meanwhile, as American Thanksgiving nears (Nov. 27), the harder it will be to reshuffle affected passengers, with fewer seats available. And severe winter weather, which has hit parts of the U.S., is expected to further compound the backlogs.

Until a deal to end the shutdown is officially inked, reports

CNN

, airlines must continue to follow the Federal Aviation Administration’s emergency order to reduce flight capacity at 40 major U.S. airports. Starting Tuesday, 6 per cent of flights will be cut.

Going forward, airlines will need time to reposition planes and crews. In particular, shortages of air traffic controllers who were required to work without their regular paycheques, resulted in delays or thousands of canceled flights, reports

CNBC

.

Controllers have missed two paycheques and some took second jobs to make ends meet, working under that added stress. Some air traffic controllers may not return to their jobs, retiring or quitting to find work not subject to government shutdowns.

While some routes and operations may stabilize in a day or two, broader disruptions — including passenger re-bookings and airport congestion — could linger for a week or more, reports the

New York Times

.

The routes expected to take the

longest to recover

are primarily those serving the busiest airport hubs. These hubs have a high volume of flights with complex connecting itineraries, making recovery slower due to aircraft and crew displacement.

The hardest-hit routes include major airports such as Washington Reagan National, which experienced the highest number of cancellations during the shutdown. Other major hubs with significant disruptions include Chicago O’Hare, Hartsfield-Jackson Atlanta International, Los Angeles International, Denver International, Boston Logan, Newark Liberty), and New York LaGuardia.

Shuttle flights in the

northeast corridor and Florida

, as well as routes between Dallas and smaller cities, were also heavily cut and may take time to normalize.

Smaller airports and routes with simpler point-to-point service

are generally in a better position for quicker recovery since their flights are less interdependent.

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Randy Bachman and Burton Cummings, seen here in 2009, will reunite and tour next year under The Guess Who name for the first time in 23 years.

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In celebration of “a hard fought battle to reclaim their name,” The Guess Who — led by singer and keyboardist Burton Cummings and founding guitarist Randy Bachman for the first time in 23 years — will tour Canada next year.

“With their unmatched songwriting catalog and deep influence on rock music, this moment marks a rare and meaningful full-circle return,” the band’s

website

reads. “One that longtime fans have been waiting for, and one that underscores just how enduring their legacy continues to be.”

The legendary Canadian rock band from Winnipeg, known for hits like American Woman, These Eyes and a dozen other tracks that cracked the U.S. Top-40 between 1965 and 1975, will kick off their 12-city Takin’ It Back tour in New Brunswick, playing the Avenir Centre in Moncton on May 26.

Joined by opener Dan Felder, originally of The Eagles, The Guess Who will play nine more shows over the next 15 days in Halifax (May 27), Laval (May 29), Toronto (May 30), Hamilton (June 1), London (June 2), Winnipeg (June 5), Saskatoon (June 6), Calgary (June 8) and Edmonton (June 10). Some pre-sale tickets for these shows started selling as of 10 a.m. local time Tuesday.

The band is also scheduled to play in the Ottawa Blues Fest on July 18 and Vancouver’s Pacific National Exhibition Fair on Aug. 23. (Before the Canadian tour begins in earnest in May, The Guess Who will have completed two already sold out shows — one at a Niagara Falls casino on Jan. 31 and the Rock Legends Cruise XIII sailing from Florida to Jamaica in late February.)

“Randy and I are thrilled that our songs have never gone away. That people still want to hear us perform them live,” Cummings said in a release issued Monday. “We are going to go out and honour the music,”

“Together we created decades of incredible songs and memories that still stand strong today,” added Bachman. “Can’t wait to sing them with you all soon!”

The tour’s announcement comes a little over a year after Bachman and Cummings

settled a trademark lawsuit

with two former founding bandmates, bassist Jim Kale and drummer Garry Peterson, a beef that goes back almost four decades.

Recognizing that nobody in the band or its management had thought to trademark the name during their heyday, Kale did so in 1978,

according to Bachman and Cummings.

Using various other musicians and often joined by Peterson, who became a co-owner of the name, Kale went on to tour and record new music in the U.S. as The Guess Who over the following two-plus decades. During this time, Bachman and Cummings, who wrote and performed most of the band’s biggest hits, could not use the name in the U.S.

 The Guess Who — from the left, Burton Cummings, Randy Bachman, Jim Kale and Garry Peterson — in 1983 during a short reunion tour.

Bitterness ensued over the years, with Cummings and Bachman calling the new incarnation a “cover band” in a 2023 suit alleging that the new band was promoting itself as if the original singer and guitarist were performing.

“They’ve taken mine and Randy’s history, the history of The Guess Who, and stolen it to market their cheap ticket sales in their fake bull— shows,”

Rolling Stone

quoted Cummings, who also terminated the performance license on songs he wrote or co-wrote so that nobody — himself included — could earn money from their performances.

Bachman and Cummings were also seeking up to $20 million in damages, but details of the settlement reached last September were not publicly disclosed.

“If there is a group out there calling themselves the Guess Who, it’s going to have the lead singer who wrote the songs and the guitarist who made the riffs,” the now 77-year-old Cummings told

Rolling Stone

after.

It’s not immediately clear if previous members of the band will join Bachman, currently 82, and Cummings on stage.

The last time the classic foursome performed together was at the closing ceremonies of the Pan Am Games in 1999 in Winnipeg. Another lineup missing only Kale, meanwhile, toured from 2000 to 2003, during which time they played a Grey Cup halftime show (2000) and the Molson Canadian Rocks Toronto benefit concert after the 2023 SARS outbreak.

Bachman and Cummings, meanwhile, have continued to perform separately over the years while sporadically collaborating for performances and short tours under the name Bachman-Cummings and performing songs from the original band, Cummings’ solo work and Bachman-Turner Overdrive, a band the guitarist started with his brothers Fred and Robbie and their friend Fred Turner.

Ticket prices are not immediately available in the pre-sale period without a passcode. Prices for two VIP packages vary from venue to venue, but range from roughly $500 to $1,000, with the higher-priced option earning a backstage meet and greet with the band.

General admission ticket sales begin Friday morning at 10 a.m.

— With files from the Canadian Press.

Love concerts, but can’t make it to the venue? Stream live shows and events from your couch with VEEPS, a music-first streaming service now operating in Canada. Click here for an introductory offer of 30% off. Explore upcoming concerts and the extensive archive of past performances.


A Peterborough Police prisoner transport van outside the city courthouse.

More than 500 days in harsh pre-trial custody was enough punishment for a Mohawk man caught driving around Peterborough with a crack pipe in his lap and a “killing machine” of a rifle in the back seat, along with a flame thrower in the trunk, according to a recent sentence of time served from Ontario’s Court of Justice.

Jesse Garlow, a convicted drug trafficker who was under a firearms prohibition, had been in custody since June 7, 2024 when he was sentenced. Police initially pulled him over because the car he was driving was weaving.

“I have determined that systemic and background factors have affected the degree of responsibility of this offender. Mr. Garlow is the personification of intergenerational trauma. I cannot imagine more sympathetic circumstances or mitigating factors that cry out for some compassion. Punishing him with a further period of incarceration for the sake of the common good would be unjust,” wrote Justice Brenda Green, who recently handed Garlow a suspended sentence and three years of probation.

The judge described the rifle’s “frightening appearance” in her decision, dated Nov. 4. “This gun is obviously not intended for hunting anything other than human beings. It is designed to maim and/or kill in a spray of bullets. Simply brandishing it would cause sheer terror.”

The prosecutor recommended Garlow get 3.5 years in prison.

“The Crown emphasized that Mr. Garlow was carrying a loaded firearm in a vehicle in public in suspicious circumstances along with a flame thrower and crow bars. This firearm was designed for one purpose, as a killing machine. Its possession is antithetical to the norms and values of Canadians,” said the decision. “A strong message must be sent to deter like-minded individuals from carrying a loaded firearm by meting out a significant punishment.”

His defence lawyer advocated for time served, urging the judge to consider Garlow’s “expressed remorse, and his potential for rehabilitation especially with the support of resources for Indigenous people.”

Garlow, in his early 40s, plead guilty to being in possession of a loaded prohibited, modified, firearm “and that his possession of this firearm was in contravention of court orders that prohibited him from possessing such items,” said the decision.

The court heard Garlow had close to $5,000 in cash in his wallet when he was arrested, along with a small scale. Garlow swore the money was from gambling.

During interviews for a Gladue report, Garlow “denied that he was trafficking in narcotics,” said the decision. “He also vehemently denied that he intended to use the gun to commit a crime.”

Gladue principles were set out in a Supreme Court of Canada decision a quarter century back and indicate sentencing judges must consider the unique circumstances of Indigenous offenders, as well as systemic issues like the impact of residential schools, to address the over-representation of Indigenous people in Canada’s prisons.

“To describe Mr. Garlow’s background as tragic would be an understatement,” Green said.

“There is an undeniable link between his criminal record and his experiences as an Indigenous person. In addition, the conditions of his detention at Central East Correctional Centre have been horrendous. He expressed understandable upset during previous appearances about the suffering he has endured while on remand.”

Garlow’s case is “highly unusual,” said the judge.

“The Crown’s cogent submissions accentuated the potential for death and destruction posed by the weapon that was in Mr. Garlow’s possession. She urged the court to find that this gun was possessed for the purpose of committing crimes and was in contravention of an order intended to protect the public.”

His lawyer, in contrast, “highlighted that Mr. Garlow’s personal history is heartbreaking, and how that attenuates his moral responsibility for these crimes.”

The “two positive role models in Jesse’s life, his mother and grandmother, died when he was a boy,” said the judge. “Both his grandfathers were murdered. His father suffered cultural alienation in the residential school system. Jesse was separated from a supportive and welcoming community as a direct result. His father was often absent, emotionally unavailable, abusive and encouraged poor choices. His sister was killed by police while she was suffering a mental health crisis. His nephew died of an overdose. His father is missing.”

The judge saw a “clear, causal nexus between his father’s brutalization in residential schools and the trail of damage and devastation that slammed like a wrecking ball through the next generation. I cannot imagine a case with a more shocking example of the detrimental impact of colonialism, intergenerational trauma and the attempted cultural genocide by seizing children from their communities only to be placed in horribly abusive environments.”

Garlow is Mohawk and a member of Six Nations of the Grand River First Nation.

His “life spiralled out of control after he was abandoned by his dad” after he was expelled from school at the age of 17.

“His criminal record commenced in 2003 when he was 19 years old,” said the decision. “He supported himself by selling drugs. He was in unstable relationships. He began more heavily abusing various drugs.”

He eventually left the “toxic relationship,” got a high school diploma and reconnected with his father, said the decision.

“He did well for the first year, but he wasn’t able to maintain that lifestyle.”

Garlow “began drinking again and spent more time with the ‘wrong crowd’ of people,” said the decision. “He discovered that he could make a lot of money quickly by robbing illegal grow operations.”

Garlow had been in custody 516 days before Green sentenced him.

“Mr. Garlow’s stay at Central East Correctional Centre has been tortuous for him emotionally, psychologically and physically,” said the judge.

Garlow was “subjected to triple bunking for months at a time and frequent lock downs” at the facility, Green said.

“Despite a multitude of decisions, from every level of court in Ontario, decrying this abuse of vulnerable inmates, absolutely nothing has been done to alleviate this unjustifiable treatment of people at the mercy of the state,” said the judge. “It is mind boggling that a country that prides itself on its purported respect for human rights is turning a blind eye to these documented, undeniable and inexcusable cruelties.”

The mitigation of Garlow’s sentence “is not a ‘break’ for him,” Green said.

“A sentence reduction is not a reflection of a judge being ‘soft on crime.’ It is our obligation as the gatekeepers of justice to address, redress and hopefully ameliorate institutionalized abuse.”

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Toronto's Imperial Pub.

One of the very last no-nonsense, non-hipster Toronto watering holes, a two-storey fixture for 81 years in the proper thick of downtown, is shutting down on Nov. 15. It’s reasonable to be impressed that it lasted so long — longer than almost any comparable institution in the city. But the Imperial Pub and Tavern, owned for its entire history by the Newman family, has somehow never seemed more essential. First the Jays lose, now this?

The Yonge and Dundas area the Imperial inhabits has transformed many times over the Imperial’s run. Even in my lifetime,

it has been several different kinds of seedy

— peep shows and porn shops; video arcades with too many strange men in them — and now it’s every kind of grim. Toronto’s grasping, tragically misbegotten attempt to replicate Times Square was a success:

What we’re now supposed to call “Sankofa Square”

is

a soulless concrete-grey hellscape

of gigantic LED screens and chain restaurants, and it’s also one of the best places to see

the city’s homelessness and opioid-addiction crises in full bloom

. Area hotel rooms start at roughly $350 per night in the summer. Cheap!

But then there’s the Imperial. Jazz on the jukebox, at the right volume to allow conversation. Comfy old couches and barstools to sink into. A bowl of chili, perhaps, or a no-nonsense sandwich, or some chicken fingers. Nothing even approaching attitude, ever, from the staff, even if the clientele can occasionally be, shall we say, challenging. It looks the same as every other time you’ve seen it.

“It’s like a neighbourhood pub in a neighbourhood where nobody thinks there’s a neighbourhood anymore,” says Sam Newman, part of the third generation to own and run the pub.

Toronto is a much more difficult, tiring place to live than when I was a kid: mad housing costs, soul-hammering traffic gridlock,

public transit gone to seed

, and a politics totally ill-equipped to manage it. The Imperial was an affordable respite from urban stresses for untold numbers of Torontonians, from all walks of life: businesspeople, students from the adjacent Toronto Metropolitan

(originally Ryerson) University (TMU)

, jazz and big-band aficionados, and those seriously down on their luck.

Probably my most indelible memory: A middle-aged fellow, clearly suffering through a very bad patch, drowning his sorrows with a pitcher of beer to himself at a table in the downstairs bar while sitting in a wheelchair from the Hospital for Sick Children. A guy like that isn’t going to be rolling into Jack Astor’s or Boston Pizza or anywhere else likely to set up shop in the vicinity anytime soon. And he wouldn’t want to. At the Imperial, you met neighbours (literally or figuratively) who you didn’t know you had. Some you didn’t want to know. A lot you were glad to.

Anecdotally speaking, in recent years as the opioid-overdose epidemic reached horrifying new levels, there were certainly more “problem clients” coming through the door. There was often a security guard on site. That’s a a role that Fred Newman, Sam’s ebullient father (think Larry David — but friendly) said he was used to be “super-proud” to be able to fulfil himself. He recalls nipping one pool table-based argument in the bud when one of the combatants, “about eight-foot-one,” announced he didn’t “hit old men with glasses.” Sam says the security was more as an emergency contingency than in response to any specific incidents.

The state of the neighbourhood is not why the Imperial is closing down. Quite the opposite, perhaps. Details of what comes next are vague; the property recently changed hands. Toronto-area developer Bazis

has been planning luxury condos on the site for years

. Fred says he has heard plans might include a residence for university students. And that would make sense, given the pub’s essentially on-campus location.

But it would also be an ironic outcome, generations of Ryerson/TMU students — especially those on the artsier side, including aspiring journalists — being among the Imperial’s greatest fans. “They’ve been terrific,” Fred says, wistfully.

Students drained plenty of pitchers and made plenty of lowbrow merriment here over the years, but the Library room in particular, upstairs, has been what Fred calls a “refuge” for students. Picture a giant university-residence common room circa 1975, with ratty furnishings and bookshelves, a pool table and a bar.

Fred says students have been telling him in recent weeks how much they appreciated just being allowed “to come and read a book, or come and do my homework. And if I wanted to have a soda water, that was fine. Nobody said, ‘you have to drink the beer’.”

No doubt in part because so many working journalists went to Ryerson (I did not, but those who did introduced me to it) the Imperial’s demise has gotten a lot of local news coverage. “People don’t believe me when I tell them how surprised we are by people’s reaction to our closing,” says Ricky Newman, Sam’s brother, and another partner in the business. “It’s gratifying for sure.

It’s like Sally Field at the Oscars

: ‘You like us, you really like us!’”

Yonge Street’s best-known lost taverns are mostly renowned for their musical histories: The Hawks, who would become The Band,

came together under Ronnie Hawkins’ stewardship at the Coq d’Or

.

Bob Dylan was bamboozled by the the Hawks at Friar’s Tavern,

where Oscar Peterson and Dizzy Gillespie performed as well. Both were steps from the Imperial, which outlasted them all and many more besides.

But the Imperial was never a music venue, except on a much smaller scale. It began as a “beverage room” in what was originally a hotel, and that’s what it more or less remained. But it physically embodies Toronto’s much-ignored history in more ways than you would ever think just by looking at it. The Library bar, upstairs, was originally the hotel rooms — because when the Imperial opened, hotels is where “beverage rooms” were.

Downstairs, a huge aquarium acts as a bizarre but unforgettable centrepiece to the circular bar. Under Ontario’s post-prohibition liquor rules, until 1970, beverage rooms had to be separated by sex. When Fred’s father Jack first installed an aquarium, in the 1950s, it sat between the men’s and ladies’ sides of the establishment, offering each a cheeky glance at the other.

Fred offered another wonderful recollection of Ontario’s famously baffling booze laws: For years the Imperial’s liquor license required it to close from 6:30 p.m. to 8 p.m. every day, to force the menfolk home for dinner. Instead most would decamp en masse to the nearby Brown Derby — 99-cent spaghetti, all you can eat! — whose liquor licence did not require it to close for dinner.

But for reasons lost forever in the mists of time, the Brown Derby’s licence didn’t allow it to serve draft beer. And the Imperial, at first, wasn’t allowed to serve wine or liquor.

The Imperial’s kitchen exists

 

because at one point, the liquor board decided the Imperial’s licence required it. And the Imperial did with its food menu the same basic thing it did with the rest of the joint: it kept it simple. Ricky’s brainchild, the menu became (for me at least) a rare bastion of basic pub grub in a world of frozen wagyu burgers and chipotle drizzles.

For a reasonable cost, the Imperial will (for a few more days) make you a regular old hot dog, on a regular old bun, with regular old condiments, for a regular old price. It will make you a perfectly good hamburger (albeit made from grass-fed beef, Sam notes) that won’t let loose its contents all over your shirt. It will come on a piece of waxed paper in one of those red plastic baskets you never see anymore.

You can have a bowl of chili — vegetarian or beef — that attempts absolutely nothing fancy and profits from it.

Ricky recalls putting gazpacho on the menu one summer. “People would send their soup back … and I realized that it wasn’t our place to educate people about food,” he says. “The idea was to simply keep our promises low, and let people be pleasantly surprised by the basic food being … better than they expect.”

The Imperial was what I would call one of the last truly democratic establishments in the city. If you had enough of your wits about you to behave, you were welcome. There was no expectation of who might walk through the door except another regular customer.. Toronto is richer, more important, slicker and more delicious than it was when I was younger, and that’s all for the good. I try not to get sentimental about this stuff. But I do insist that we try harder to remember what we have lost. The Imperial would be a loss for a city that doesn’t need another.

The empire might not be over, though. At first blush, the idea of relocating the Imperial struck me as daft. When you relocate something that unique, surely it can’t really be the same thing. It would certainly make no sense as a tenant in a condo building, and there are precious few spaces in the area that would make sense and that aren’t themselves slated for redevelopment.

People didn’t go to the Imperial because of how it looked, though. They went for the communitarian vibe, for the cozy respite, for a feeling you just don’t get in this city very much anymore — and certainly not in that neck of the woods.

That, maybe, you can replicate. And so, basically everything at the Imperial that isn’t structural is going into storage for now, the Newmans say: The ratty furniture from the library room, the pool table, the jukeboxes, the old-school lantern light fixtures. Maybe it will return somewhere, someday. Reinstalling it all somewhere else might not recreate the original Imperial, but it would be a damn sight less tragic than losing it entirely.

“It feels like it’d be hard to stay away forever,” says Ricky.

Here’s hoping.

National Post

cselley@postmedia.com


“People are directing more trust in those bodies or institutions that have primary responsibility for protecting us, or ensuring that security is well maintained,” says Jack Jedwab, president and CEO of the Metropolis Institute and the Association for Canadian Studies.

In the lead up to Remembrance Day, Canada’s military remains one of the most trusted institutions in the country.

A new poll by Leger for the Association for Canadian Studies suggests that trust in Canada’s military sits at 75 per cent. Trust in police, meanwhile, remains close behind, at 71 per cent. Only 13 per cent of Canadians distrust the armed forces and police.

This comes as the Liberal government announced an additional $81.8 billion over five years to meet NATO’s recommended two per cent GDP target for defence spending.

Meanwhile, trust in the Supreme Court, and Canada’s federal government is much lower. Sixy-five per cent of Canadians say they trust the Supreme Court, and just 47 per cent say the same about the government in Ottawa.

“The preoccupation, increasingly so across all demographics, is with security,” said Jack Jedwab, president and CEO of the Metropolis Institute and the Association for Canadian Studies. “People are directing more trust in those bodies or institutions that have primary responsibility for protecting us, or ensuring that security is well maintained.”

Levels of trust in Canada’s military and police is high across demographics. According to the poll, 66 per cent of Indigenous people trust the military and the police. Among immigrants, 70 per cent trust the military and 75 per cent trust the police.

“Despite some individual concerns that people express about instances of potentially excessive behaviours of the police or military, in general, minorities are expressing high levels of trust in those institutions that are mandated with protecting Canadians,” Jedwab said.

Trust in the institutions designed to protect Canadians varies slightly by province. Atlantic Canadians exhibit proportionally high levels of trust in the armed forces, with 84 per cent saying they trust the military. By contrast, trust is lowest in British Columbia, at 71 per cent. Jedwab said this could be due to a perception of Atlantic Canada as being more “insecure.”

“In areas where the populations perceive themselves as more vulnerable, either geographically or geopolitically or so forth, you’re getting that sort of expression come up,” he said.

A significantly lower proportion of young Canadians (aged 18 to 24), said they trust the military at 65 per cent. Almost a quarter, 23 per cent, exhibited some level of distrust.

When asked if they would consider joining Canada’s armed forces, only one in ten respondents aged 18-24 answered, “Yes.” Another 21 per cent said they have considered it in the past, while almost 60 per cent said they would not consider it.

Jedwab said this discrepancy may be due to a difference in young people’s priorities.

“The younger we are, the less we may … see security as an issue,” he said. “We may find as a result that we are more likely to question those institutions in terms of the authority they are vested with. This is coupled with the fact we’re seeing a reasonably modest extent of them considering a future career in the military.”

High support for the armed forces is most apparent when compared to the federal government.

This lack of trust in Ottawa is most pronounced in Manitoba and Saskatchewan (only 38 per cent trust the federal government) and Quebec (43 per cent). Despite talks of separation, Albertans showed relatively similar rates of trust in the federal government with that of the rest of Canada (47 per cent). Trust was highest in Atlantic Canada (56 per cent), followed by British Columbia (52 per cent) and Alberta and Ontario (both 48 per cent).

“I think that the current debates they’re having about Alberta’s place in Canada and the separation referendum, may be creating some shifts, but we haven’t seen those yet,” Jedwab said.

Jedwab said Canadians are part of a global trend towards greater trust in police and military as institutions tasked with our collective security.

“I personally think there’s a global trend when it comes to this,” Jedwab said. “There’s a real serious concern about security globally.”

The online survey of 1,537 Canadians was conducted by Leger for the Association for Canadian Studies between Oct. 24 and 26. A margin of error cannot be associated with a non-probability sample in a panel survey, but a similar probability sample would have a margin of error of plus or minus 2.5 per cent, 19 times out of 20.

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Andrew Clarke, the British stranger who tracked down Canadian Wendy Kauffmann to tell her about her grandfather's war. (Courtesy Andrew Clarke)

It was in the middle of a busy workday earlier this year when a WhatsApp message arrived from a U.K. number I didn’t recognize.

“Hi. My name is Andrew Clarke, and I live in London, U.K., and I am contacting you because my father, Capt. Derek Clarke, knew your grandfather in the Second World War. They were both in the 16th Battalion, Durham Light Infantry and both severely wounded at the battle of Sedjenane, Tunisia, on 27 February 1943.

“Not only that, but they shared the same two-bed ward in two hospitals in North Africa before being sent back to the U.K. after three months. My father helped your grandfather recover and wrote his letters home to your grandmother, until Lionel was one day able to write a letter himself with his left hand … I’d love to share more with you and your family.”

I wasn’t sure if it was a scam, an AI-generated message, or my cousin Zac playing a practical joke. Some of what Andrew wrote could have been found online. But one detail stopped me: my grandfather’s left-handed letter writing. That wasn’t public. I messaged Zac. He confirmed it wasn’t a prank and suggested we search online for “Andrew Clarke” to see if he was a real person.

As we were doing so, it came to me: I remembered the name “Derek Clarke” from a box of wartime letters my grandfather had sent to my grandmother. Could this be real?

What We Knew, and What We Didn’t

By way of background, my grandfather, Lionel Kauffman, was Canadian and had earned a scholarship to study at Cambridge University. When the Second World War broke out, Canadians studying in Britain were given a choice: return home to enlist in the Canadian forces or remain and join Commonwealth forces under British command.

He remained, not because of policy or opportunity, but because he had met a young woman in London — my grandmother — and love, as it does, decided for him.

He was deployed to North Africa, where he suffered a head wound — it read in the telegrams as “gunshot wounds to the head” — and fell into a coma. He was treated in field hospitals until he could be evacuated back to London for further medical care.

Family legend is that when he first heard he had a newborn son, he woke up from his coma — the movie version of his survival.

When he returned to Canada, it was with permanent right-side paralysis and a metal plate in his head. He also suffered from seizures — I remember him regularly counting out his pills, kept organized in long sectioned pill boxes.

He became a school principal, then later a social worker, working for a period in the juvenile justice system. By far, though, his greatest contribution was at home: he was a devoted husband, father and grandfather.

We remember his humour, often silly, his love of peanuts, and his commitment to his Jewish faith. He died at 69 after a series of strokes, succumbing after years of fighting his war injuries —  too young by many accounts, though in truth, we had him on borrowed time.

When we were young, my brother Adam and I often asked our grandfather about the war. He always deflected. My grandmother followed his lead. In our home, the Second World War was the unspoken reason behind a limp and a dominant left hand.

It was my cousin Zac who opened the door into what had always been left unsaid. In high school, a teacher asked if any students had war veterans in their family who might share something for Remembrance Day. Zac volunteered.

Afterward, he told us he had read aloud a wartime letter my grandfather had written to my grandmother from a field hospital in 1943. “What letter?” we asked. That was when Zac revealed that a box existed, filled with my grandfather’s wartime letters.

A few weeks later, we gathered as a family and pored over the newly discovered telegrams and letters. Several of the letters from my grandfather were from his time in hospital in North Africa and had clearly been written on his behalf by someone else.

We had them all digitally scanned so they would be available to everyone in the family for generations to come. I enlarged and framed one — the letter that mentioned my father’s birth. Today it hangs on the wall of my living room. For years, that was as far as our story went.

“I think you’ll be excited to see this letter”

Now back to that mysterious WhatsApp message from a U.K. number — the one we weren’t sure was even real. It was about to become the bridge to a story we thought was lost.

Zac went into the family’s digital scans and found a three-page letter Capt. Derek Clarke had written on behalf of my grandfather to my grandmother in 1943. I sent Andrew a photo of it, with my first reply to his initial outreach: “I think you will be excited to see this letter. Clearly, we need to find a time to connect.”

He replied almost immediately: “I’m in tears looking at that letter. My Dad often talked of ‘Kauffy’… I can’t tell you how happy I am to have found you … My Dad died, aged 101, in 2014, but was bright and lucid all the way to the end and always spoke most warmly of your grandfather. He’d be amazed that we are now in touch.”

Then came the first of many gifts from Andrew. He enclosed a copy of a painting that hangs above his desk, depicting the view from the veranda of the hospital room his father shared with my grandfather. “There is a chapel on the hilltop,” Andrew wrote, “which I like to think is a way of showing that God had saved them and was looking down on them and this timeless land.” This was the very scene my grandfather and Andrew’s father had looked out on in their darkest months.

Suddenly, I felt closer to my grandfather than I had in the 17 years we shared before he passed.

Since Andrew had sent me a piece of art, I responded with one of my own: the wartime letter from the box, the one framed on my living room wall. I hovered over the message, then added one more line before hitting send: “Is this, by chance, your dad’s handwriting?”

Within seconds, Andrew responded: “Yup, that’s my dad’s scrawl all right….. Is the baby talked about here your dad? Am I right that it’s ‘David’?”

I paused, incredulous. The handwriting on my living room wall belonged to Andrew’s father, not to a nurse taking dictation, as we had always believed. And Andrew knew my father’s name, something Andrew had to have learned from his father. My mind was blown.

How he found us

We set a Zoom date for Andrew to meet us: my parents, my aunt and uncle, the grandchildren and even some great-grandchildren. Andrew answered the question on all of our minds — how had he tracked us down?

“I knew from a reference in one of my father’s letters that Lionel was Jewish, had come to the U.K. to study at Cambridge and that he lived near me in Clapton. Some years ago, I think I found a reference online to him marrying Min Kurrant and moving to Canada.

“Just last week, I picked up on this again and found a pic on Wendy’s Instagram or LinkedIn with a poem Lionel had written, then a newspaper clipping that gives Wendy’s company name, so it was easy to find the webpage and contact details. I should say, I’ve recently retired from 40 years as a journo, so I know how to be dogged in pursuit of information!”

In that online meeting, Andrew began sharing what his father had left behind, along with Andrew’s own research into this lesser-known battle in North Africa — maps, letters, diary entries, and memories of the officer affectionately referred to within the battalion as “Kauffy”— unlocking the story of what happened to the two men who had been nearly fatally wounded in battle on Feb. 27, 1943.

Capt. Derek Clarke’s Voice

In his diary and letters to his wife, Capt. Clarke gave little snapshots of his and my grandfather’s agonizingly long recovery together.

He recorded the nightmare 12-hour ambulance journey that took them to a hospital further back from the frontline dressing station, tracing the arc of my grandfather’s struggle and the fear he might never recover. On March 1, 1943, Capt. Clarke described “poor Kauffy” as “quite imbecilic” from his head wound and added that he feared Kauffy would never speak again.

Five days later came the first glimmer of hope: words beginning to return. By mid-April, my grandfather could walk with support — something unimaginable only a week earlier. Little by little, the entries hint at long hours spent together, sharing the details of their lives, engaging in philosophical discussions, and even lighter moments.

An entry from May shows Capt. Clarke, amused at my grandfather’s eating through the night from a long-delayed parcel of chocolate cake and gum, sent from Canada, “like a mouse in the cupboard.”

After a frustratingly long time cooped up in hospitals in North Africa, by the end of May both men had returned to Britain.

My grandfather was transferred to St. Hugh’s Military Hospital in Oxford, while Capt. Clarke recovered in London. A final diary entry by Capt. Clarke records that, on July 3, 1943, he and his wife, Ann, visited my grandfather and grandmother, Min, at their home in Clapton for afternoon tea — the only evidence we have that their wives met, and a poignant reminder of the women whose loved ones were sent into battle. Those women also carried the burdens of war and were among its heroes.

Andrew told us how his father, who lived to 101, would often recount stories of the war when the family was gathered for Sunday lunch. The stories invariably circled back to Tunisia and would frequently mention “Kauffy.”

The stories my brother and I begged to hear were told, just not to us. Decades later, they found their way home.

This Remembrance Day

This Remembrance Day, my parents and are flying from Toronto to London to meet Andrew in person. We will stand at the Remembrance Sunday parade with Canadian flags for Lt. Lionel Kauffman, the Canadian who served with the British Army’s 16th Battalion Durham Light Infantry, and spend Nov. 11 with Andrew.

Remembrance is more than a moment of silence at 11 a.m. It is the work of listening, of piecing together the lives behind the medals and the wounds. It is opening the letters, reading the diaries and discovering the voices that were waiting to be heard.

On Feb. 27, 1943, two young officers were wounded near the Tunisian village of Sedjenane. They became hospital roommates, then friends, and for a period, one became the other’s hand and memory. Decades later, a son shared those wartime stories with a stranger he found through an Instagram post and became the bridge connecting two families across 80 years.

This Nov. 11, I will stand in remembrance of my grandfather, Lt. Lionel Kauffman, and Capt. Derek Clarke. And I will carry forward a new story — one that is not only about the war, but about care, duty and the way acts of compassion can echo across generations.


A person uses the Automated European Union Entry/Exit System (EES) kiosk during a press preview on the rollout of the system at Eurotunnel, England, on Sept. 23, 2025.

Last month, European countries began rolling out the new Entry/Exit System (EES) for travellers crossing European borders. It’s expected to be fully operational by April 10, 2026. Here’s what to know.

Who uses the EES?

The EES is for non-EU nationals (

including Canadians

) who are travelling for a short stay to one or more countries in the Schengen area for up to 90 days in any 180-day period.

What’s the Schengen area?

It’s a fancy term for the nations of the European Union, minus Ireland and Cyprus, but including Norway, Switzerland, Lichtenstein and Iceland.

Note that this doesn’t include the U.K., which has its own system, called Electronic Travel Authorization (ETA), in place since January. That has a cost of 10 pounds, or about $18.

What does the system do?

The EES replaces the manual stamping of passports at border crossings. During the first six months of its use, border officers will continue to stamp passports in addition to registering entries and exits digitally. Countries may also revert to manual stamping if they experience technical problems. Once the system is fully in place, only the digital system will be used.

The system will also track overstays and denials of entry The government of Canada notes

on its website

that each country decides who can enter or exit through its borders, and Canada can’t intervene if someone doesn’t meet entry or exit requirements.

How does it work?

Non-EU travellers with an e-passport can use a self-serve kiosk to register when crossing the border, and then proceed to a passport control officer who will already have received that information and can ask further questions if necessary before granting or refusing entry.

Do Canadians have e-passports?

They almost certainly do if they’re current. Canada has been issuing

e-passports since 2013

, and they are good for 10 years before they need to be renewed.

What kind of data does it collect?

Biometric data, such as fingerprints and facial images, will also be collected at the point of entry, and stored for three years.

Why is Europe doing this?

A website for the European Union notes that automation will shorten wait times by replacing time-consuming manual checks.

It also notes that the new system provides precise information on the maximum duration of authorized stay by visitors, and makes it easier to identify those who have overstayed or are using fake passports.

Is there a cost?

No. The system is free for users.

Are there other changes coming?

Yes, and they will cost. Europe’s next border-control system is

called ETIAS

, for European Travel Information and Authorization System. It will

require Canadians

and other non-EU nationals to apply online for a permit to enter Europe.

Last summer, it was announced that the fee would be 20 euros (about $32),

almost triple

the previously announced price of 7 euros.

ETIAS is supposed to start operations in late 2026. However, the system has faced several delayed since its announcement, and was originally supposed to begin in 2021. And like the EES, it will take time to get fully up and running.

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Britain's King Charles III greets Governor-General of Canada Mary Simon during a private audience at Buckingham Palace in London on April 6, 2025.

OTTAWA — Governor General Mary Simon will not be attending the National Remembrance Day Ceremony in Ottawa on Tuesday due to a respiratory virus.

A statement sent by Rideau Hall said that Simon, who is the commander-in-chief of the country, is “doing well” and is currently recovering in the hospital. The Supreme Court chief justice, Richard Wagner, will be attending the ceremony on her behalf.

Wagner will be joined by this year’s National Silver Cross Mother, Nancy Payne, of Lansdowne, Ontario, who represents all Canadian mothers who have lost a child in military service in Canada. Her son, Randy, was killed in action in Afghanistan in 2006.

Prime Minister Mark Carney will also be attending this year’s ceremony in Ottawa with his wife, Diana Fox Carney.

The annual event, hosted by the Royal Canadian Legion, usually starts around 10:45 a.m. each year with the arrival of dignitaries. It is followed by the national anthem, two minutes of silence, a wreath-laying ceremony, and a rousing fly-past, weather permitting.

Carney and Payne are each expected to lay wreaths at the National War Memorial.

At the end of the ceremony, attendees are invited to remove their red poppies — a symbol of remembrance for those who have died in war — from their outerwear and place them on the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier. It will be covered in poppies by the end of the day.

National Post

calevesque@postmedia.com

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Canadian author Louise Penny's latest novel, The Black Wolf, images a U.S. bid to make Canada the 51st state.

Well before U.S. President Donald Trump brought up the idea of Canada becoming the 51st state, the proposition was already fermenting in the mind of best-selling Canadian fiction author Louise Penny.

The Black Wolf, her latest novel in which the threat of annexation by the U.S. is a central plotline, was recently released and Penny, who previously turned down an invite to launch her latest Chief Inspector Armand Gamache story at the Kennedy Center in Washington, is remaining steadfast in her commitment to not tour the book in the U.S.

Here’s what to know.

What is The Black Wolf about?

The 20th book of the award-winning series picks up where Penny’s last book, The Grey Wolf, left off, with Gamache and his team exposing and averting a plot to poison Montreal’s water supply and arresting a man called the Black Wolf.

In the weeks that follow, the Sûreté du Québec detective comes to realize the person they apprehended was merely a red herring and the foiled attack was a “deliberate misdirection” ahead of “something deeper and darker” to come.

“Gamache and his small team of supporters realize that for the Black Wolf to have gotten this far, they must have powerful allies, in law enforcement, in industry, in organized crime, in the halls of government,”

Macmillan Publishers said of the just-released novel.

Wary of those forces and going off a murdered scientist’s notebook and maps, they conduct a surreptitious investigation and uncover evidence of a cross-border scheme to leverage control of water systems and resources.

While the book doesn’t specifically refer Canada becoming the 51st state, Penny has said the notion is one of the book’s underlying themes.

“What happens when a nation that is losing a lot of these things, including water, sees how much we have? What’s it going to do?” she said to the

Montreal Gazette

in March.

“What would you do? Would you break into your neighbour’s home to save yourself and your family? Probably.”

 Author Louise Penny autographs a book for Russetta Holcomb, visiting from Solana Beach, Calif., at Café Three Pines in Knowlton, in the Eastern Townships town of Knowlton, southeast of Montreal in July.

Penny had maintained that the book was completed more than a year before Trump was elected and quickly began perpetuating the idea that Canada should become the 51st state for economic and security reasons to benefit both countries.

“I was afraid when I wrote it that I had taken it too far, that people simply wouldn’t follow me there, that it was unbelievable,” she told the

Express in the U.K.

last week.

“As it turns out, I may not have gone far enough!”

What is Penny’s connection to the Haskell Library and Opera House?

While much of the novel is set in Three Pines, Penny said “some pivotal scenes” take place in The Haskell Free Library and Opera House, the real-life library straddling the border between Stanstead, Que. and Derby Line, VT.

The facility was in the headlines in March when U.S. Customs and Border Protection decreed that only Canadian library members and staff could use the front door. All other Canadian visitors would have to go through the nearest U.S. border point or use a back door on the Canadian side.

The library has been fundraising to help pay for the renovations to the Canadian side, with Penny contributing $50,000, as reported by

CBC

.

Speaking to the Express, Penny said it was a “petty” for the Trump administration to attack “a little village library that is symbolic of the friendship and the sacrifices that both countries have made for each other.”

The author ended her North American book tour at the venue on Nov. 1 and 2. A portion of ticket sales will go towards the entrance renovations, which Penny will reportedly match, according to

Vermont Public.

“If I had been writing this book now, I never would have gone there because it would have felt like I was ripping off a quite frightening political situation, certainly within Canada but also within the U.S.,” she told the Express.

Why won’t Louise Penny conduct book tours in the U.S.?

The Haskell show is technically Penny’s only U.S.-based promotional tour date for The Black Wolf, having announced in March that she was cancelling future dates in response to Trump’s statements and the nascent trade war between the nations.

Not visiting the states for the first time in 20 years, she said in

a Facebook post

, was not meant to punish her American readers, but “about standing shoulder-to-shoulder with my fellow Canadians.”

At the same time, she also announced said the book’s launch would take place at the National Arts Centre in Ottawa, not the John F. Kennedy Center.

While it would have been “a real watermark” for her as an author, she changed her mind after Trump dismissed the national performing arts centre’s board of trustees and got himself appointed as the new chairman, along with a host of new board members.

“I don’t consider my stand to be political, although there’s certainly a political element to it,” she told

CBC

recently. “It’s a moral stand. If the Democrats had done the same thing, I would take the same stand. My not going isn’t going to change anything, but my going would be acquiescence.”

Who is Louise Penny?

The 67-year-old Canadian fictional crime-mystery author is best known for her international best-selling Gamache series set in a fictional Quebec small town called Three Pines.

The Toronto native spent 18 years as a radio host and journalist for CBC before embarking on her quest “to write the best book ever” in 1996, according to

Quill and Quire.

Almost 10 years later, her first novel, Still Life, won multiple literary awards and became a CBC movie in 2013. The Gamache series also found its way to the screen, with actor Alfred Polina portraying the protagonist in a short-lived Amazon Prime series titled Three Pines.

 Actor Alfred Molina and author Louise Penny on the red carpet at the premiere of the Amazon Prime series Three Pines in Montreal in November 2022.

She is a recipient of the Order of Canada (2013) and the Order of Quebec (2017), where she lives in the Eastern Townships community of Knowlton.

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