June 23 marks Canada’s National Day of Remembrance for Victims of Terrorism, which was established on the anniversary of the Air India Flight 182 bombing, when 280 Canadians were among the 329 innocents murdered in a shocking act of terror by Sikh extremists.
This day is meant to serve as a commemoration to the victims of that atrocity — the worst act of terror in Canada’s history — and all Canadians whose lives were cut short or forever changed by a terrorist attack.
The 1985 Air India attack continues to stand as a test of our national conscience and resolve, but in too many ways, we have failed it.
While we designate its anniversary as Canada’s National Day of Remembrance for Victims of Terrorism, in practice, it is a date that most Canadians would barely recognize, let alone ponder. Meanwhile, the system that failed the victims remains intact.
A subsequent commission of inquiry headed by retired Supreme Court justice John Major uncovered “a cascading series of errors” on the part of Canadian intelligence, police and aviation authorities. From failures in gathering and sharing threat intelligence, to security complacency and airport screening errors, to the mistreatment of victims’ families and inadequate investigative resources, the voluminous report is a damning indictment that serves as a cautionary tale for our government today.
In the years since the Air India attack, the threat of terrorism has evolved and intensified in ways that would have been difficult to imagine in 1985. Terrorists deliberately seek to spread fear and pain far beyond their immediate victims. Thanks to rapidly advancing technology, the capacity of terrorists to do so has grown exponentially.
Brenton Tarrant — the Christchurch, New Zealand, mosque attacker — live-streamed his murderous rampage to a global audience. Shamsud-Din Jabbar, who targeted a New Years crowd in New Orleans, posted his allegiance to ISIS on Facebook right before he launched his attack. He was wearing Meta smart glasses when he drove into the crowd.
In the latest chilling development, security experts warn that AI-driven technologies are being exploited by terrorists. ChatGPT and similar platforms are used by terror groups to simplify everything from preparing attack plots to recruiting members to creating content for online propaganda.
As technology arms terrorists with unparalleled tools, the threat environment in Canada has added fuel to the fire. Much of this has been driven by Hamas’s October 7 massacre, which has accelerated radicalization around the world. In the year that followed the Hamas atrocities, Canadian law enforcement thwarted at least six alleged terror plots across our country, including in the Greater Toronto Area, Ottawa and Edmonton.
Among the alleged would-be attackers was Ahmed Fouad Mostafa Eldidi, who immigrated to Canada and was granted citizenship despite previously appearing in an ISIS beheading video. Together with his adult son, Eldidi was intercepted by police “in the advanced stages” of an attack plot and in possession of a machete and an axe.
In another incident, police intercepted Muhammad Shahzeb Khan as he was en route from Toronto to New York City, where he allegedly planned to “kill as many Jewish civilians as possible.” A Pakistani citizen, Khan was here on a student visa and had even applied for refugee status.
“Today we were unlucky, but remember we have only to be lucky once, you will have to be lucky always,” wrote the Irish Republican Army’s leadership, after failing to murder Margaret Thatcher in the Brighton hotel bombing. This is the insidious calculus that terrorists make.
Four decades after the Air India tragedy, remembrance should go hand-in-hand with resolve to prevent future acts of terror.
Yet, just as Canada catastrophically ignored and enabled the predations of Khalistani extremists who were explicit about their murderous intentions 40 years ago, Canada’s civic institutions have withered once again, this time in the face of Canadians shouting their support, admiration and ideological fealty for the genocidal intentions of Hamas and the Iranian regime.
While ideological terror is often defined by its moral clarity and political audacity, Canadian leaders too often respond with ambiguity and temerity.
Today, Canada’s anemic response to its newfound stature as an importer, exporter and hub of violent extremism and antisemitism betrays the same latticework of systemic failures that were laid bare in the wreckage of Flight 182 in 1985.
Our immigration laws, security protocols, Criminal Code provisions and frameworks for supporting victims — including those who are injured or killed outside of Canada — all demand an immediate overhaul. Terrorism usually does not begin with an explosion or a bullet; it gestates within gaps in the systems it seeks to exploit.
The 40-year breach between Canada’s worst terrorist attack and the broad policy recalibration that Canada has yet to undertake has created ideal conditions for a cascade of epic proportions, which, given the new technologies available to terrorists, could irreparably alter Canada’s security landscape and social cohesion.
Those whose lives have been devastated by terrorism have not only earned our sympathy, but our admiration for their resilience. The victims and their families have been leading the charge in advocating for systemic changes that, once adopted by our federal government, will help keep all Canadians safe.
To the victims of Air India and every other act of terror, we owe nothing less.
National Post
Sheryl Saperia is the CEO of Secure Canada, a non-profit organization dedicated to combating terrorism and extremism by creating innovative laws, policies and alliances that strengthen Canada’s national security and democracy.